Layer Shifting

Enable Z-Hop

In Bambu Studio: Printer settings → Extruder → Retraction → Z hop when retract (per filament: Setting Overrides → Retraction), set to 0.3–0.5 mm. The print head lifts during travel moves and avoids collisions with curled edges or warping corners.

Nozzle collisions are the second most common cause, especially when the first layer has an elephant foot.

Reduce print speed

Reduce print speed by 20–30% and test again. Very high acceleration forces can exceed motor torque and cause missed steps. Bambu's own fix for shifts at high speed is the printer option Enable Auto-recovery from step loss: when a motor loses steps, the printer repositions X, Y and Z and returns to the pre-shift position to continue the print. X1 series: Control → Print Options; A series, H2 series, P2S and X2D: Setting → Print Options; P1 series: enable it in Bambu Studio.

Also reduce acceleration and jerk values if they were manually increased.

Clean the guide rods

Dirt on the guide rods increases friction and causes missed steps. Clean the rods with IPA and a lint-free cloth. X1/P1: never oil or grease the X-axis carbon rods. P2S, X2D and H2 series: after cleaning, apply a thin film of lubricating oil to the linear shafts or rails.

Also check the purge chute for piled-up filament the toolhead can hit during filament changes, the toolhead cable chain for damage (X1, P1, P2S and H2 series) and, on the A series, whether loose tubes or cables catch anywhere across the toolhead's full range.

Less common causes

If all mechanical causes have been ruled out, electrical issues may be to blame. Expand the topic that matches your situation: